Dry shaving apparatus



L. ORUSSA DRY SHAVING APPARATUS May 27, 1952 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Feb. 15, 1946 m0 W s. Q .90 W hm NEW s WH N 3. w WWW m w 4a aw I m\ w. m I W, M

May 27, 1952 ORUSSA DRY SHAVING APPARATUS 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 15, 1946 May 27, 1952 ORUSSA DRY SHAVING APPARATUS 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Feb. 15, 1946 May 27, 1952 ORUSSA DRY SHAVING APPARATUS 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Feb. 15, 1946 llllllllll ll'l I I; I. J50 J82 HIHHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII Patented May 27, 1952 "PAT E 2,598,292

DRY SH1VING APPARATUS LorenceOfRussa, Princevillalll.

ApplicathnFebruary 15, 1946, SeriatNo. 64719972 l5rGlaims.

:1 This invention relates ".to shaving implements 10f tthe type :commonly .known as dry :shavers. and it i includes ::certain :jfeatures '.-t-he :nature of :hair :clipping mechanism adapted :for pee in connection with :the shaving. operation.

in most dry shaving devices now ain nsesa'n hair; consequently, 'asingle=hai-r entering one .of

these perforations may stand 'much nearer :one

sideof the openingthan the-other. Whether or not it is-e'fiiciently attacked by the moving: cutter will depend upon the direction fromwhichthe critterapproaches a hair thus: positioned in the opening. rotatingcutterapproaches from. only one 'direction and an oscillating-cutter islimited -to-twofdirections= of approach, neither of which 'may be the I most efficient "forcooperating with theedge of a; perforation nearest which the hair happens to stand.

Qne object of the presentinventionis-to pro- -v-ide-a-new' and improved-dry shaving apparatus having-means adapted to approach and engage the hair more eificiently 5 than has been possible with previous devices.

Another object of theinvention'is to provide a dry shaving-apparatus i-nwhich the cutting element is arranged for a four-way cutting movementenabling, it: to: cooperate with anrapertured fixed cuttenso as toaccompli'snfaster and closer .shavingrthan has .been possible: heretofore.

ilti-isra'lso 'an object of the invent-lento :provide *aidrmshaving apparatus. havingca relatively-simple :operating mechanism which wis economical to :manufacture and adapted .to operate :..satisfactorily for a long period L withoutreplacement or'repair.

=More' specifically, it is an object of ,the invention to provide a dry shaving apparatus having a F fixed: perforated guard 'orcutter elementsand a "movable -cutter element which includes :a blade, or-blades, arranged for oscillation in contact with the fixed cutter and also having other *bladesor cutters which reciprocate with respect to the fixed perforated element so' that hairs inserted in any -of the perforations will be engaged from any of four directions with the practical certainty of being promptly and closelysevered. -G'ther phjects and-advantages of the invention will appear fromtheefollowingdescriptionctaken int-connection :with the drawings,in which:

7mg. iris a:longitudinalsectional@view ofiratshaving apparatus-embodying this inventionpincluding a suitable electric driving :motor for the cutter;

Fig.--2 is-a fragmentarydetail-sectionmakewat right angles ---to the plane of Fig. 1 as indicated at line 2=2 --on' Fig. =1, and on a larger scale,

with certain parts broken away;

"Fig.3 is anend elevation of--the-devicewith a :portion of the stationary uard or cutter broken away to revealthe movable cutter which cooperates with it;

rFig. 4 .is a deta l sectio al 4 Vi w "taken as nidicatedgatl line 44 i4i ,on:1?i.g. i2, Showing. the. mov- ..a ble1 cutter atttheimiddle ,of itssran e- Qf..QsGil1.a- \tion;

.Fig. ,5, is a view=similar to Fig. ,4, showing the cutter/at. one limitof its rangeofmovement;

Fig 6 is-ra viewsiniilar .to Fig. showin the cutter attheother of-its ran e;

Fig. 7 is a sectional nviewisimilar toFi :Zhut showin a-modificd construction, which includes cuttingtslotsv-at .the-endof-theguard-member. to :operate .inther manner of-a clipper;

Jiezrti is aatransversesection takenra vin icate atiine 8-B ;On:?Fig.1:7.;

:FFig. :91is an external per pectiv view ;.o f h .cnttenheadishownin i s-maxim;

":Fi l0 i SYflitIflHSYeISB detail-section showin amodified: form. cfwzcutter andeguardeinaslevwith lsquareeopenings inr bothaof said :elements;

;Fig. 11 is arsectionaltviewsonradarger 9. .0318 taken as; indicatedfiat line; I I we] I. ongEig, t0;

"-F'ig. 12: is a perspective -view of themovable cutter element employed in Figs. 10 .and' 'll;

Eig.:l3 *isza' fragmentary planiview of a portion of the perforated areaof: thecutterand' its guard Fig. 19 is a detail section taken as indicated at line l9-l9 on Fig. 18;

Fig. 20 is a fragmentary detail section showing an additional form of the invention, the section being taken at a plane through the axis of oscillation of the blade;

Fig. 21 is a transverse section taken as indicated at line 2l2l on Fig. 20;

Fig. 22 is a fragmentary perspective view showing portions of the blade and skin guard in assembled relation;

Fig. 23 is a fragmentary end view of the device shown in Fig. 20, but with parts of the hous ing broken away, and with some parts shown in section;

Fig. 24 is a fragmentary view showing a modified arrangement of the cutting blade in the type of mechanism shown in Figs. 20 to 23.

For purposes of illustration the dry shaving implement shown in Fig. 1 is of substantially H conventional outline and includes a driving motor which may be similar to those now in use. The frame or body H), which encloses the motor, is of convenient form and dimensions to be held in the hand, and the motor includes a rotary armature 12 having its shaft I4 journaled in bearings l6 and 18. A suitable electric cable is indicated at 2Band is provided with a detachable plug 22 for connection with any convenient outlet providing a source of current. The shaving head includes a removable hous ing or guard 24 shown as retained in position in the end of the body l9 by spring-pressed ball detents 26 so that it can be pulled out for cleaning or repair. Figs. 1 and 3 show the guard 24 formed with ribs or corrugations in its side walls below the arcuate portion to facilitate grasping the guard in removing it. The end of the frame or body I0 is formed with a recess or chamber 28 in which a shaft 30 is carried on floating bearings 32 which are supported by springs 33 urging said bearings and the shaft outwardly toward the curved perforated portion 34 of the guard member 24.

In this form of the device the cutter is shown as a cylinder 36 provided with a bushing sleeve 38 which is slidably fitted on the shaft 30, and the cylinder is formed with a socket 40 for operative engagement with a crank pin 42 carried by a disc or flange 44 on the end of the motor shaft 14. Preferably, the end of the crank pin 42 is of spherical form, fitting snugly but with running clearance in the socket 49 so that rotation of the motor shaft l4 causes the cylinder 36 to oscillate about the axis of its shaft 30 and also to reciprocate simultaneously on said shaft, the socket 40 being disposed radially in the cylinder 36.

The cylinder 36 is subdivided into a plurality of circumferentially extending cutters 46 spaced apart by grooves 48, each cutter having two sharp circular cutting edges which cooperate in shearing relation with the edges of the perforations 50 in the curved portion 34 of the guard as the cylinder reciprocates on its shaft 30. The cylinder is also formed with a longitudinal slot 52 in which a hair entered in one of the perforations 50 will be subjected to the cutting action of a circular cutting edge of one of the blades 46 moving in one direction, and to the cutting action of an other circular cutting edge moving in the opposite direction as the cylinder 36 is reciprocated on the shaft 30; and since the cylinder is simultaneously oscillated about its axis, such a hair may be approached and severed by one edge of the blade 54 moving toward it or by the opposite edge approaching it from the opposite direction in the reverse portion of the oscillation of the cylinder 36. The severance may be accomplished by the first cutting edge which engages the hair, but it not, or if the hair is not in position to be severed close to the skin by the first edge which encounters it, a second cut by another cutting edge approaching from a different direction is quite certain to accomplish this. With the shaft l4 running at any reasonably high speed, a hair protruding through one of the holes 50 in the guard 34 will be subjected to four successive cutting strokes from four different directions, all Within a fraction of a second after it is entered through the'guard, so that close severance of the hair becomes a practical certainty.

Preferably, the middle area of the curved guard portion 34 is provided with the holesindicated at 50, but ateach side of this area elongated slots or openings 56 are formed within the arc which measures the range of oscillation of the blade 54, so that the longer hairs of the beard may be first and more easily engaged in those slots with subsequent insertion through the holes 50 in final and close shaving.

Figures 7, 8, and 9 show a modified structure in which the guard element '60 is formed with holes 6| over most of its working face, but has slots 62 of angular formation at the arcuate marginal edges of its working surface. These slots facilitate clipping or trimming the longer hairs of a mustache or sideburns in conjunction with a regular shaving operation. To render the slots 62 effective, the straight blade 64 which is oscillated about the axis of shaft 66 occupies the full width of the space inside the guard and is fitted for close engagement with the inner arcuate surface and with the flat surfaces 68 of the end walls of the guard so as to perform a shearing function in cooperation with the L- shaped inner edges of the slots 62. The arcuate cutters T9 are supported in a carrier I2 which is attached to a cross head 74 slidably mounted on the shaft 63 so that the rotary motion of the crank pin 13 driven by the motor shaft "I8reciprocates the blades '10 past the perforations 6| of the guard '60 and simultaneously oscillates the blade 64 with which the carrier 12 is slidably engaged. The shaft 66 is mounted in floating bearings carried on springs 82 for yieldingly pressing the blades 64 and 10 into contact with the cooperating guard 60. The cutters 10 may be made integral with the carrier member 12 if desired. In this structure the flat end walls of the guard element 60 may be grasped for removing the guard, and as shown in Fig. 9, these end walls are slotted at El to clear the shaft 66 of the cutter.

In the form of the device shown in Figs. 10 to 1-1, both the guard member 98 and the oscillating cutter 9-2 are formed of sheet metal with perforations which provide the cutting edges. The guardmernber is secured in the end of the body 94 by spring-pressed ball detents 96and its outer about the axis of curvature of said guard and to reciprocate the cutter along said axis simultaneously.

. 2. In a shaving implement, an arcuate guard member perforated to act as acutting element and providing cutting edges transverse to its axis of curvature and cutting edges disposed alon lines parallel to said axis, a movable cutter to cooperate with said guard, said cutter having a plurality of cutting edges disposed in planes transverse-of its longitudinal axis and a longitudinally extending peripheral slot, a blade in said slotlforming'cutting edges in planes substantially normal to the .plane of said first mentioned cutting edges, and means to oscillate said cutter about the axis of curvature of said guard and to reciprocate the cutter along said axis simultaneously, together with bearing means for said cutterand means yieldingly urging said bearing means toward the guard member to hold the cutter in shearing engagement with the edges of the perforations in said guard.

'3. In a shaving implement, an arcuate guard member.- perforated to act as a cutting element and providing cutting edges transverse to its axis off-curvature and cutting edges disposed along lines parallel to said axis, a movable cutter having an arcuate form fitting within said guard, said cutter having a plurality of cutting edges disposed in planes transverse to its longitudinal axis and a longitudinally extending peripheral slot, a;blade in said slot forming cutting edges in planes substantially normal to the plane of said first mentioned cutting edges, a shaft disposed in :-substantially coaxial relation to said guard, said cutter being slidable on said shaft and means to oscillate said cutterabout the axis of said shaft and to reciprocate said cutter on the edges and substantially flush therewith, and

means to oscillate the cutter member about its axis and reciprocate it simultaneously along said axis, said guard member including end walls connected to its arcuate portion, and said longitudinally extending blade being slidably engaged with the cylindrical portion of the cutter member and fitting closely between said end walls, whereby the cylindrical portion of the cutter member reciprocates relatively to said blade and said blade is actuated by the oscillation of the cutter member.

5. In a shaving implement, an arcuate guard member perforated to act as a cutting element, cutter means to cooperate therewith comprising a cutter member having at least a portion of its periphery of generally cylindrical form provided with-circumferentially disposed grooves forming curved cutting edges at intervals inits length and. .an independent longitudinally extending blade. carried by said cylindrical portion having cutting edges intersecting said curved cuttin edges and substantially flush therewith, and means to oscillate the cutter member about its axis and reciprocate it simultaneously along said axis, said guard-member including end walls connected to its arcuate portion, and said longitudinally extending blade being slidably engaged with the cylindrical portion of the cutter member and fitting closely between said end walls, whereby the cylindrical portion of the cutter member reciprocates relatively to said blade and said blade is actuated by the oscillation of the cutter member, said guard having slots extending radially in its end walls at the junctions thereof'with the arcuate portion and extending longitudinally in said arcuate portion adjacent said junctions, and said blade having cutting edges at its ends to cooperate with said slots as said blade is oscil-' lated.

6. In a shaving implement as defined in claim 1,

v the perforations of said arcuate member each having a width equal to several times the diam-- eter of a human hair, the movable cutter comprising an arcuate member also formed with perforations each having a width several times the diameter of a human hair, and said cutter having a range of oscillation and a range of reciprocation each exceeding the said width of its perforations.

7. In a shaving implement as defined in claim 1, the perforations of said arcuate member bein square and each having a width equal to several times the diameter of a human hair, the movable cutter comprising an arcuate member also formed with square perforations each having a width several times the diameter of a human hair, and said cutter having a range of oscillation and a range of reciprocation each exceeding the said width of its perforations.

8. In a shaving implement as defined in claim 3, said means including a rotary shaft journaled at an axis perpendicular to the axis of the first mentioned-shaft, said cutter having a radially disposed socket, and a crank on said rotary shaft engaged in said socket, whereby the rotary shaft simultaneously oscillates and reciprocates the cutter.

9. In a shaving implement as defined in claim 3, said means including a rotary shaft journaled at an axis perpendicular to the axis of the first mentioned shaft, said cutter having a radially disposed socket, and a crank on said rotary shaft engaged in said socket, whereby the rotary shaft simultaneously oscillates and reciprocates the cutter, together with a frame supporting said guard member, bearings for the cutter shaft slidable insaid frame toward and from the guard, and spring means yieldingly urging said bearings toward the guard to maintain shearing engagement of the cutter with said guard member, said crank having a spherical end portion fitting closely in said socket throughout the range of movement of the cutter.

10. In a shaving implement, an arcuate guard member perforated to act as a cutting. element, cutter means to cooperate therewith comprising a cutter member having at least a portion of its periphery of generally cylindrical form provided with circumferentially disposed grooves forming curved cutting edges at intervals in its length and an independent longitudinally extending blade carried by said cylindrical portion having cutting edges intersecting said curved cutting edges and substantially flush therewith, and" means to oscillate the cutter member about its axis and reciprocate it simultaneously along said axis, thecylindrical portion of the cutter memher having a longitudinally extending generally radial slot, and said bladebeing slidable radially inthe slot and being held in cutting engagement.

9 with the perforated guard member by centrifugal force generated by the oscillatory movement of the cutter member.

11. In a shaving implement, a guard member having an arcuate portion perforated to act as a cutting member, cutter means to cooperate therewith including a blade having a longitudinal cutting edge for engaging the arcuate portion and extending substantially parallel to the axis of said guard member, and means to oscillate said blade about said axis, said guard including end walls joined to its arcuate portion, the end walls being perpendicular to the axis of the arcuate portion, said guard having slots extending outwardly in its end walls to the junctions thereof with the arcuate portion and thence extending longitudinally in said arcuate portion adjacent said junctions, and said blade having generally radial cutting edges at its ends intersecting said longitudinal edge to cooperate with said slots as the blade is oscillated.

12. In a shaving implement, an arcuate guard member perforated to act as a cutting element and providing cutting edges transverse to its axis of curvature and cutting edges disposed along lines parallel to said axis, cutter means to cooperate therewith comprising a member of generally cylindrical form with circumferentially disposed grooves alternating with ribs which provide curved cutting edges transverse to the axis of the member at intervals in its length, a peripheral slot in said member, a longitudinally; extending blade in said slot having cutting edges intersecting said curved cutting edges and substantially flush therewith, the grooves in said cylindrical member at one side of the longitudinally extending blade being disposed in registration with the ribs in said member at the opposite side of said blade whereby oscillation of the cutter in one direction causes it to cooperate with a different area of the arcuate guard member than that with which it cooperates in its movement in the opposite direction. 7

13. In a shaving implement, a guard member having a thin generally cylindrical portion perforated to act as a cutting element, a movable cutter means including an outer generally cylindrical peripheral portion for engaging the guard. the cylindrical portion of the cutter means being provided with a plurality of spaced generally circumferential grooves and intermediate arcuate guard-engaging ridges and with a generally longitudinal groove transversely intersecting the circumferential grooves, a blade carried by the cylindrical portion of the cutter means positioned in the longitudinal groove providing generally longitudinal cutting edges substantially flush with the ridges, means to move the cutter means with respect to the guard for producing oscillations of the cutter means about its cylindrical axis, said guard being perforated with a plurality of apertures individually having generally circumferential and generally longitudinal cutting edges, the arcuate ridges having sharp cutting edges, and the means to move the cutter means reciprocating the cutter means along its axis simultaneously with the oscillations thereof.

14. In a shaving implement, a guard member having a thin generally cylindrical portion per- 10 forated to act as a cutting element, a movable cutter means including an outer generally cylindrical peripheral portion for engaging the guard, the cylindrical portion of the cutter means being provided with a plurality of spaced generally circumferential grooves and intermediate arcuate guard-engaging ridges and with a generally longitudinal groove transversely intersecting the circumferential grooves, a blade carried by the cylindrical portion of the cutter means positioned in the longitudinal groove providing generally longitudinal cutting edges substantially flush with the ridges, means to move the cutter means with respect to the guard for producing oscillations of the cutter means about its cylindrical axis, the guard being perforated with a longitudinal slot having opposite longitudinal cutting edges for cooperation with the longitudinal blade, and

p the arcuate ridges forming skin supporting means to limit the extent of entrance of skin into the slot during shaving.

15. In a shaving implement, a guard member having a thin generally cylindrical portion perforated to act as a cutting element, a movable cutter means including an outer generally cylindrical peripheral portion for engaging the guard, the cylindrical portion of the cutter means being provided with a plurality Of spaced generally circumferential grooves and intermediate arcuate guard-=engaging ridges and with a generally longitudinal groove transversely intersecting the circumferential grooves, a blade carried by the cylindrical portion of the cutter means positioned in the longitudinal groove providing generally longitudinal cutting edges substantially flush with the ridges, means to move the cutter means with respect to the guard for producing oscillations of the cutter means about its cylindrical axis, the generally longitudinal groove extending in such a direction that the blade positioned in the groove is slightly oblique to the slot, whereby the cooperative cutting action proceeds progressively along the edges of the slot as the blade is oscillated.

LORENCE ORUSSA.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,286,606 Halterman Dec. 3, 1918 2,081,694 Bruecker Ma 25, 193'? 2,075,698 Bowen Mar. 30, 1937 2,141,582 Wimberger Dec. 27, 1938 2,234,929 Lynch Mar. 11, 1941 2,236,159 Romao Mar. 25, 1941 2,263,747 Stein Nov. 25, 1941 2,269,359 Ericson et al Jan. 6, 1942 2,289,652 Jensen July 14, 1942 2,298,872 Dalkowitz Oct. 13, 1942 2,329,595 Crane Sept. 14, 1943 2,346,235 Romao Apr. 11, 1944 2,372,401 Sonne Mar. 27, 1945 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 519,096 Great Britain Mar. 15, 1940 

